List of articles (by subject) Interdisciplinary Literary Studies
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Open Access Article
1 - Analysis of Damages Caused by Natural Disasters in Persian Texts up to the Eighth Century AH
Mehdi Najafi Najmeh Dorri Ebrahim KhodayarThe damages caused by natural disasters and the type of reaction of societies to them are reflected in various forms in the past written works. This study aims to find out how and how much attention has been paid to these damages and related reactions to manage them MoreThe damages caused by natural disasters and the type of reaction of societies to them are reflected in various forms in the past written works. This study aims to find out how and how much attention has been paid to these damages and related reactions to manage them in Persian texts up to the eighth century.This research is a descriptiveanalytical study of qualitative content analysis with an integrated approach. Among the common hazards, four natural hazards were considered: earthquake, flood, drought and snow and severe cold. From selected Persian texts, by purposive sampling, a total of 93 poetic samples and 52 prose samples were selected and reviewed.According to the research findings, economic damage is the most damage caused by natural disasters mentioned in selected Persian texts (45%). Also, the most attention has been paid to response phase in these texts (52%).It seems that our society's response-oriented approach to natural disasters is rooted in a historical mentality that is reflected in Persian texts up to the eighth century. A methodical and deep understanding of this historical mentality can help theorists in a deeper understanding of the current society behaviors against the natural disasters and the desired change of those behaviors. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Literature beyond the world of zero and one A review of the literature from the perspective of Fuzzy logic
Zohre Kafi Amir Hossein MadaniTo know this subject that the literature has Fuzzy nature not Aristotelian, can help audiences and analyzers to have a more open view when dealing with texts. Literature, like any other science and art, has the ability to be evaluated, and according to the logic that go MoreTo know this subject that the literature has Fuzzy nature not Aristotelian, can help audiences and analyzers to have a more open view when dealing with texts. Literature, like any other science and art, has the ability to be evaluated, and according to the logic that governs it, one can judge whether any text is literary or not. For this reason, concepts such as literature, mystical literature, Aristotelian logic and fuzzy logic have been defined in this research, and then the relationship between literature and Aristotelian and fuzzy logic has been investigated. In this analysis, four main literary elements of a text (emotion, imagination, polysemy and form) have been analyzed in a fuzzy diagram along with an example of Persian literature. In all four cases, the result shows that a text can be placed in the circle of literature by having a degree of each of these four elements, and its literary ratio is determined according to the degree of these elements. In all four cases, the result shows that a text can be placed in the circle of literature by having a degree of each of these four elements, and its literary ratio is determined according to the degree of these elements. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Breaking the foundation in Shams Tabrizi articles
mahmoud Khoramabadi AliَََAkbar AfrasiabPour Ali FatolahiThis article deals with the analysis of the elements that break the foundation from the point of view of Derrida and the analysis of these elements in the articles of Shams and tries to reconstruct the pluralism of meaning in damaging the metaphysical ideas presented in MoreThis article deals with the analysis of the elements that break the foundation from the point of view of Derrida and the analysis of these elements in the articles of Shams and tries to reconstruct the pluralism of meaning in damaging the metaphysical ideas presented in Western philosophy and reach new meanings from the text. Shams Tabrizi's articles have the capacity to achieve countless signs and symbols for multiple meanings with consecutive semantic suspensions. The authors of this article, with descriptive-analytical method based on Derrida's foundation-breaking approach, examine some of these concepts such as the negation of the definition of the unit of truth, the death of the author, the semiotics of post-structuralism, the dominant ideology of the text through the negation of contrasts, values, etc. have done. In Shams's articles, in the field of negation of the definition of the single truth, the truth is not considered an absolute and single thing, but it is placed in the field of interpretive debates and everyone has their own interpretation of it. Contrary to the views of Platonic logos, Shams introduces wisdom and rationalism as completely incomplete in the path of truth and sees it as a veil for the seeker. He does not contrast writing and speech or presence and absence, but beyond these two, he generally considers speech and presence as a veil. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Comparing and analyzing the world view of constitutional poets based on their social class
fahime asadiSociety plays a role in the creation of artistic and literary works, and sociological studies of literature have different methods. Lucien Goldman, the owner of the theory of developmental structuralism, believes that the social class of the creator of the work affects MoreSociety plays a role in the creation of artistic and literary works, and sociological studies of literature have different methods. Lucien Goldman, the owner of the theory of developmental structuralism, believes that the social class of the creator of the work affects his worldview and the worldview determines the structure of the work. In the upcoming research, the worldview of Bahar, Iraj Mirza, Aref Qazvini and Farrokhi Yazdi has been analyzed on this basis and based on the relationship between the worldview of these poets and the construction and application of the structural unit; That is, the compound addition to which the word fist is added, has been analyzed.The Fist of Time, the Strong Fist of Iran, the Hammer-like Fist, the Fist of Knowledge, the Fist of Jamaat and the Fist of Gold are the combinations thar are made by these poets. Every poet considers the fist (literally, power) to belong to something that is important in his worldview; The worldview of the poet who created "Fist of Times" is not the same as the worldview of the poet who created "Fist of Knowledge".Aref Qazvini has great ideals for Iran and the nation, and he considers natural sciences and national sovereignty to be the way to achieve them. Iraj Mirza is a prosperous prince and his ultimate will is to preserve the existing structure, so he is without ideals and knows the power of the economy and uses the golden fist. Although Farrokhi Yazdi is trying to take the side of new elements, his worldview remains an eclectic of traditional and new elements, and most of the socialist attractions are present in his worldview, and this is how he makes a hammer-like fist. The discontinuity that appears in different sections is caused by the difference in worldviews of the poets. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Psychological Criticism of the Novel "BanouGavazn (Mrs. Deer)" by Maryam Hosseinian Based on the Concept of Psychological Fantasy
ayoob moradiAs the first psychologist to propose the idea of the unconscious, Sigmund Freud mentions a process called "fantasy" whose function is to resolve or moderate internal conflicts. Phantasies whose origin is the desires stored in the unconscious and their main function is t MoreAs the first psychologist to propose the idea of the unconscious, Sigmund Freud mentions a process called "fantasy" whose function is to resolve or moderate internal conflicts. Phantasies whose origin is the desires stored in the unconscious and their main function is to provide abstract conditions for the mental satisfaction of these desires and wishes. That is, a person who is unable to fulfill his desires in reality creates conditions to satisfy his desires during dreaming. The same trick that Tata, the main character of the novel "BanouGavazn(Mrs. Deer)" uses to vent her anger. The novel "Banou Gavazn (Mrs. Deer)" is one of the contemporary fiction works that attracted the attention of readers and critics after its publication. A narrative whose main axis is the fantasy of the main character in the mind and the effects of this type of fantasy in real life. Considering the success of this novel among the audience as well as the author's special view on the concept of psychological fantasy in the design of the narrative, in this article, through the analytical-descriptive method, an attempt will be made to investigate the origins of the tendency towards fantasy in the main character and the characteristics of this fantasy. The results show that the anger resulting from Tata's troubled past, along with the anger from the conditions of unwanted pregnancy, causes her to settle accounts with the culprits of her life conditions by using the symbolic characteristics of the deer such as anger, agility, cruelty and masculinity. A destructive anger that ultimately has negative effects on "Tata" herself. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - Metaphorical Synesthesia or Cross-Modal Correspondences? A Cognitive-Semantic Approach to Multi-Modal Expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan
Mahmood NaghizadehSynesthesia or sensory fusion is represented through cross-modal expressions in language. In synesthesia, there is a kind of meaning transfer between words of different modalities. The present study aims at exploring mechanisms involved in transferring predicates from o MoreSynesthesia or sensory fusion is represented through cross-modal expressions in language. In synesthesia, there is a kind of meaning transfer between words of different modalities. The present study aims at exploring mechanisms involved in transferring predicates from one sense modality to another. And also we explore factors involved in interpreting cross-modal expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan using tenets of cognitive semantics such as embodied meaning, cultural factors and evaluative content of sensory terms along with the role human's mental architecture in deriving different literal and non-literal meanings from these expressions. The data include cross-modal expressions collected from Sa’adi’s Boostan and analysis is carried out in a descriptive method. Results show that our understanding of meaning transfer between sensory modalities is syncretic rather than metaphorical. Therefore, predicate transfer in cross-modal expressions in Sa’adi’s Boostan is done through mechanisms such as experiential correlations between different concepts, conceptual metonymy and evaluative valence of sense words. Furthermore, there are psychologically primitive concepts for sense words in Sa’adi’s Boostan that span all domains of sensory experience and are activated in presence of certain stimuli to trigger derivation of various literal meanings. Finally, Iranian Culture and lifestyle in Saadi's period play their role as a filter for preventing elements that are not in accordance with Persian culture from appearing in linguistic realization. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - A Survey of Loneliness in ShafieiKadkani’s Works: (Aeeneh-e barāyesedāhā, Hezāre-ye dovom-e Āhooyekoohi, Tefli be name Shādi)
seyyed alireza kashfinia Ahmad Tahan Mohammad Mahdi Torabikhah JahromiDoes loneliness merely mean willing or unwilling distance from the people surrounding us? or are there any other kinds of loneliness?From a long time ago, although some philosophers and psychologists have defined loneliness and its kinds, it’s not an easy task to define MoreDoes loneliness merely mean willing or unwilling distance from the people surrounding us? or are there any other kinds of loneliness?From a long time ago, although some philosophers and psychologists have defined loneliness and its kinds, it’s not an easy task to define a definite borderline between kinds of loneliness. These experts have suggested that some kinds of loneliness can be merged and in some cases loneliness can be either the causes or forms of loneliness occurrence, not a specific kind.In a descriptive-analytical design, this theoretical research tries to examine the kinds and causes of loneliness in ShafieiKadkani’s poems through library and documentary methods. According to the findings of the research, among the factors of interpersonal loneliness in ShafiiKodkani's poems, we can mention the separation that is the result of his first poems.From this point of view, ShafieiKadknai is a romantic poet who mainly followsthe images and themes of the poets known to have Indian Style. With regard to intrapersonal loneliness, the poet shows a tendency for seclusionwhich is resulted from his frustration from the political and social events and his nonconformity with a group of people with whom he sees no affinity. However, there is no sign of existential loneliness (i.e., a subcategory of intrapersonal loneliness) in ShafieiKadknai’s poems. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Analysis of Social Trust in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch"
sara pouremad hoseinali ghobadi saeed bozorg bigdeli Najmeh DorriA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has b MoreA reciprocal and ongoing interaction holds between literature and society. Some literary creations, particularly novels, represent and reflect societal concerns more than others. Drawing on Anthony Giddens’s theoretical framework, this descriptive-analytical study has been aimed to delve into a social issue in Mahmoud Dowlatabadi’s"Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch".Trust is a crucial component in every society and an indicator of social capital, for which sociologists have proposed multiple definitions and types. Indeed, distrust remains a shaky pillar of social harm.This analysis explores the roots of the widespread distrust that Dowlatabadi narrates in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The results indicated that the novel spotlights how the White Revolution in Iran, with land reform as its principal policy, and its consequent troubles for Iranian villagers impacted the amplification of distrust among the misery-ridden villagers. It pinpoints that the failure of Shah’s economic policies pertaining to the White Revolution and the incapability of the social system to address public participation were among the factors that diminished social trust. Unemployment, poverty, and migration from villages were some of the main outcomes of this project. Another contributor to distrust is injustice. The transformation of the underlying pillars of economic life, the state’s poor performance, and the consequent dire economic status of villagers were the major causes of distrust represented in "Jāy-e Khāli-ye Salouch". The novel’s weightiest types of distrust were institutional and interpersonal, highlighting the villagers’ lack of trust in the government and signifying that the policies of the second Pahlavi regime were not directed toward developing different types of trust. Manuscript profile