List of articles (by subject) Research in Contemporary Iranian Literature
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Open Access Article
1 - The"Avaze koshtegan"(The song of the slain), from the view of the Critical Theory of the Frankfurt School, with Emphasis on the Theories of Herbert Marcuse Critique of Modern Society in the Novel of the
Mahnaz Fooladi maryam hoseiniReza Barahani, a contemporary writer, has criticized the socio-political and cultural structure of the society of his time in his numerous novels. In this article, an attempt has been made to critique and analyze one of these novels, The"Avaze koshtegan"(The song MoreReza Barahani, a contemporary writer, has criticized the socio-political and cultural structure of the society of his time in his numerous novels. In this article, an attempt has been made to critique and analyze one of these novels, The"Avaze koshtegan"(The song of the slain), from the view of the Critical Theory of the Frankfurt School, with Emphasis on the Theories of Herbert Marcuse (1879-1979). The German philosopher and sociologist Marcuse is known as the spiritual father of the protest movements of the 1960s. In the novel "Avaze koshtegan"(The song of the slain), Baraheni describes the cultural struggle of the academic and intellectual strata, as well as the tools of" the ruling system in suppressing and dominating the people, questions the existing order and tries to improve the situation of his society.The achivement of the research is that Baraheni in his critique of the society of his time in three section of repressive tolerance, alternative society and culture industry has criticized the socio-political and cultural society and has tried to change the situation of his society with the tools of art and pen. Move towards the ideal utopian society of the Frankfurt Theorists Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - Analysis of secondary motives of imperative verb in social poem of collection of "Aieenehei Baray-e Sedaha (A Mirror for Sounds)"
Seyyedeh Fatemeh Zabihpour Aliakbar Bagheri Khalili siavash haghjouThe main message of the literary propositions lies in their meanings and secondary function and the author uses it in artistic and beautiful way to affect the audience. Speech act is one of the subcategories of Pragmatic and aims to reopen the implied meanings; as centu MoreThe main message of the literary propositions lies in their meanings and secondary function and the author uses it in artistic and beautiful way to affect the audience. Speech act is one of the subcategories of Pragmatic and aims to reopen the implied meanings; as centuries before its advent, traditional semantics had the task of specifying secondary purposes in the form of news and propositions.Imperative verb has a variety of applications as one of the subcollection of the essays in semantics and its pragmatic analysis has an important role in discovering the hidden layers of the author’s mind and thought and makes the affection more connected.Mohammad Reza ShafieiKadkani, the outstanding contemporary poet, in the collection of poetry "Aieenehei Baray-e Sedaha (A Mirror for Sounds) "has influenced on imaging and the conceptualization of the poetry. Reviews show that by applying the imperative verbs artistically in the the proportional and contradictory context of the poet and using the rhetorical elements, Shafiei could illustrate them in the convincing, guidance, encouraging applications, besides the other implicit applications like expressing the wonder, astonishment and threat. This secondary purpose is equivalent to Illocutionary Act in Austin’s speech act theories that recounts the power of impact on the audience and stimulating emotions by artistic ability to present them and says theAustin’s impact act. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - A Study of Local Color Features in The Stories Of Bijan Najdi
Mohammad mahmoodiLocal Color fiction includes stories in which the natural geography and the cultural, social, political and historical elements and characteristics of the climate play an important role in the structure and narration of the story. The flow of Local Color fiction lite MoreLocal Color fiction includes stories in which the natural geography and the cultural, social, political and historical elements and characteristics of the climate play an important role in the structure and narration of the story. The flow of Local Color fiction literature began in earnest in the 30s in Iran and is divided into climatic regions of the south, west, east, Azerbaijan and north. Bijan Najdi is one of the writers of the northern region whose stories mostly take place in the northern climate and the various natural, cultural, social and political elements of this climate are reflected in them. The purpose of this article is to investigate how the climatic elements of the North influence Najdi's stories and the research findings show that Najdi has a conscious interaction with the climatic elements around him and these elements are an important part of the main structure and atmosphere of the narrative of his stories. The indigenous nature of the North plays an important role in the narration and atmosphere, objectification of the mentality of the characters and the social and political representation of the society and its consequences in Najdi's storiesand the events and adventures of the story are formed in harmony with the natural geographical environment. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Critique of Reza Zangiabadi's Novel "Shekar-e Kabk (Hunting in Quebec)" Based on Jacques Lacan Psychology’s Theory
ayoob moradiJacques Lacan is undoubtedly one of the most influential figures in the science of psychology after Sigmund Freud, whose ideas have been influential not only in the field of psychology, but also in other fields such as literature, anthropology, social sciences and women MoreJacques Lacan is undoubtedly one of the most influential figures in the science of psychology after Sigmund Freud, whose ideas have been influential not only in the field of psychology, but also in other fields such as literature, anthropology, social sciences and women's studies. The most important idea of this contemporary psychologist is to describe the process of individuality under the threefold system of imaginary and symbolic and the realm of reality. Reza Zangiabadi's novel "Shekar-e Kabk (Hunting in Quebec)" is one of the remarkable works of recent years, which, in addition to its success among the audience, has been selected as a novel by the jury of the 12th Golshiri Foundation Literary Award. This novel tells the story of an innocent teenager who turns into a ruthless murderer due to the hardships and events of life. The present article, written in a descriptive-analytical manner, seeks to examine the process of transforming Ghodrat from an innocent adolescent into a psychotic and isolated person, using Jacques Lacan's ideas. The results show that the transition of this character from the imaginary to the symbolic realm, which is accompanied by the absence of the mother, due to the negative and dysfunctional role of the father -which according to Lacan is the subject's psychological node in the symbolic realm- causes his permanent suspension and suspicion of social order. As a result, she has taken refuge in maternal objects. This is in conflict with the nature of the symbolic realm and results in mental disorders such as paranoia, fear, isolation and suspicion in the subject. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - Searle and the Logical Status of Fictional Stories
Gholamreza HosseinpourSearle basically draws attention to the subtle differences that exist between different types of verbal verbs.According to him, speaking or writing in a language is the performance of a very specific type of spoken verb, which is called illocutionary acts.In this respec MoreSearle basically draws attention to the subtle differences that exist between different types of verbal verbs.According to him, speaking or writing in a language is the performance of a very specific type of spoken verb, which is called illocutionary acts.In this respect, the existence of a narrative discourse poses a problem for one who believes in such a view; That is, how can we understand a work of fiction, even if the author's seemingly violates some important rules of language use?Searle's great effort, in this context, is to analyze the concept of fiction but not the concept of literature. In fact, the aim is to explore the difference between fictional and serious utterances not to explore the difference between figurative and literal utterances.According to Searle, The author of a work of fiction pretends to perform a series of illocutionary acts, normally of the assertive type. He believes what makes fiction possible, is a set ofextralinguistic, nonsemantic conventions that break the connection between words and the world established by the semantic rules of speech acts and in the same sense, the pretended performances of illocutionary acts which constitute the writing of a work of fiction consist in actually performing utterance acts with the intention of invoking the horizontal conventions that suspend the normal illocutionary commitments of the utterances. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to examine, analyze and critiqe Searle's view of the logical status of fictional discourse. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - The boredom and gestures of the modern subject in the poetry of T.S.Eliot and Bijan Elahi
Maryam Ramin NiaT.S.Elliott, a British-American poet and critic, is considered one of the pioneers of literary modernism due to his formal, expressive, and thematic techniques. The book "Wasted Land" and "Four Quartets" show a new style and period of individuality and self-awareness in MoreT.S.Elliott, a British-American poet and critic, is considered one of the pioneers of literary modernism due to his formal, expressive, and thematic techniques. The book "Wasted Land" and "Four Quartets" show a new style and period of individuality and self-awareness in poetry, in which the subject / narrator of the poem achieves a deeper experience and understanding of life. Eliot's modern subject not only influences European poetry but also becomes the model and source of inspiration for modern Persian poetry. Bijan Elahi, the poet of the New Wave, in the books of "Youths" and " Seeing " is close to the characteristics of modern.This study has examined the poetry of these two poets based on modernist writing style. The aim of the study is to show Elahi influence of the components of modern poetry, especially Eliot.The results of the research indicate thatEliot and Elahi portray the situation of a human / subject who faces the tensions and crises of the modern world at the frontiers of self-awareness and individuality. This subject manifests his grief and despair of world in ways of personalization and depersonalization. World that is marked with destruction. Although the image of destruction and death in the Eliot is more frequent than the Elahi. Poetry of Elahi oriented to light and hope more than Eliot, but in general, light and hope in the elahi has a marginal function. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - An analysis on the course of transformation of the identity elements of the Turkmen people in the Local color novel "Yurt"
Mohammad mahmoodiLocal color fiction is a type of stories whose events take place in a specific geographical area and different cultural elements such as customs and traditions, type of architecture, clothing, language features, as well as economic, social, It represents the history and MoreLocal color fiction is a type of stories whose events take place in a specific geographical area and different cultural elements such as customs and traditions, type of architecture, clothing, language features, as well as economic, social, It represents the history and politics of that region. A part of Local color fiction in Iran is linked with ethnicities and served to represent their identity issues. Some of the stories of the northern region, which are related to the Turkmen-inhabited areas of Golestan province, have a different atmosphere from other stories. In these stories, in addition to the specific Local color features of the north of the country, the cultural and identity elements of the Turkmen inhabitants of the Sahara have also been reflected. In this article, one of the important novels of Turkmen Local color literature has been examined. Seyed Hossein Mirkazemi in the novel "Yort" describes the details of the social lifestyle of the Turkmen people of the Sahara, their cultural identity and the Local color elements of the region and the connection of these elements with the culture and history of the Turkmen. The confrontation between tradition and modernity and the transformation of the social life and identity of the Turkmen people of the Sahara is one of the main themes of the novel Yurt. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Analyzing the Place of Nostalgia in Iranian Immigration Fiction with an Emphasis on Selected Female Authors (Akram Pedramnia, Nasim Wahabi, Fahima Farsai, Fariba Siddiquim)
Mehrzad Matbouei Nejad Ahmad Khatami Mandana MangeliOne of the most important manifestations of migration literature is the component of nostalgia. The basic issue of this research is to answer the question of how such a component is reflected in women's fiction. The number of female Iranian immigrant writers, as well as MoreOne of the most important manifestations of migration literature is the component of nostalgia. The basic issue of this research is to answer the question of how such a component is reflected in women's fiction. The number of female Iranian immigrant writers, as well as the fact that some of them have a style in immigration fiction, shows the importance and necessity of such a study. The purpose of this research is to investigate the place of the nostalgia component in the selected and prominent stories of immigrant women storytellers after the Islamic Revolution, using a descriptive-analytical method. The hypothesis of the research is that nostalgia is one of the most important and significant components of form and content in the investigated works. The results of the research show that nostalgia in the works of AkramPedramnia takes the audience to the atmosphere of the past with a detailed description of the past and this nostalgia reminds of a special person. Another technique that Pedramnia uses to create a sense of nostalgia is image. Nostalgia in Nasim Wahhabi's works is narrated from the aspect of a space - like the space of war. Nostalgia appears in FahimaFarsai's works in a disturbing way for the characters in the story. In the works of FaribaSediqim, nostalgia refers to situations that a person has experienced with his friends and relatives. Nostalgia for objects and places is not seen in Siddiquim's works. The important feature of the reflection of nostalgia in Siddiquim's works is that the nostalgic events are shown in a fluid form of the mind and the narrator talks about the past as if it is happening right now. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
9 - Identity fragmentation and instability and narrative in Mohammad Reza Kaateb's novels
Maryam Ramin Nia Ameneh MirDeilami Hosein MohammadiIn postmodern novels, the concept of identity does not enjoy any coherence and stability existing in pre-modern novels. Indeed, such a concept is fragmented, disjointed and unstable. Narrative in postmodern stories is thus unreliable, suspicious and contradictory due to MoreIn postmodern novels, the concept of identity does not enjoy any coherence and stability existing in pre-modern novels. Indeed, such a concept is fragmented, disjointed and unstable. Narrative in postmodern stories is thus unreliable, suspicious and contradictory due to the fragmented and fluid identities of the characters. One of the most prominent and prolific writers in the contemporary era is Mohammad Reza Kaateb, some of whose novels are similar to postmodernist elements. In so doing, the concept of identity and narrative is disclosed in this study. In this research, in a descriptive and analytical way, six novels of the author named "Aftab Prast-e Nazanin (Lovely Chameleon)", "Balzans (The Fliers )", "Bi Tarsi (Fearless)", " Pasti (Dowmhill)", " Ram Konandeh (The Domesticator)" and "Hiss" from the point of view of postmodernist components. Identity, character and narration have been investigated. The findings show that most of the characters in the addressed novels are of indeterminate, fragmented identities. Wandering, displacement and overlapping of characters with each other, inability in self-recognition, is evidence to their disjointed identities. Fragmented and contradictory narratives in characters and adventures are one main feature that marked the writer's novels with uncertainty.The post-modernist components of ontological doubt, uncertainty and fragmentation and contradiction in identity and narrative are very impressive in such novels as Lovely Chameleon, Downhill, The Domesticator and Hiss. In contrast, The Fliers and Fearless have used such elements to a milder extent. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
10 - Analysis of the Long Story "Parandeh dar Baad (Bird in the Wind)"From the Perspective of Nativism
mehdi ebrahimi lame saber emami seyed mohsen hashemiLocalism is a modern term that emerged in the process of independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time entered various fields including fiction.In this context, the analysis o MoreLocalism is a modern term that emerged in the process of independence and liberation of the eastern colonized countries from the domination of the western colonialist countries and at the same time entered various fields including fiction.In this context, the analysis of fictional works has special importance as one of the most important sources of nativism; because on the one hand it is connected with various social concepts and on the other hand it leads to our understanding of the components of nativism and how to use them in the text. In this regard, this article with the descriptive and analytical method, analyzes the components of nativism in the book "Parandeh dar Baad (Bird in the Wind) ". In this way, first the primary data was collected through documentary study and then it was analyzed in the framework of the definition of nativism and the components of Iranian identity. The results of the research showed that the author highlighted the components of Iranian identity in this book, namely: language, culture, religion, history and geography of the land, as well as foreign-oriented aspects. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
11 - A Comparative Analysis of the Novels "Farewell to Arms"and "Dar SholehāyeĀb" Based on Bakhtin's Theory of Dialogism
fahimeh shafiee Zahra Ghoroghi hengamh AshouriDialogism, a key concept in Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of polyphony, posits that the author's voice is parallel to the voices of the characters and is reflected in the text through various techniques.The current research, which is based on the descriptive-analytical meth MoreDialogism, a key concept in Mikhail Bakhtin’s theory of polyphony, posits that the author's voice is parallel to the voices of the characters and is reflected in the text through various techniques.The current research, which is based on the descriptive-analytical method and based on library documents, compares the two novels "Farewell to Arms" written by Ernest Hemingway and "Dar SholehāyeĀb" written by MortezaMardiha.The purpose of this research is to explore the techniques employed by Iranian and American writers in the texts to convey their voices, as per Bakhtin's theory.The research findings reveal that both novelists although have some differences, they convey their intentions through character naming. In the novel "Dar SholehāyeĀb" the characters are archetypes and their names reflect this, while in "Farewell to Arms", the Catherine’s discourse and behavior, along with the narrator's indifferent attitude towards war, create a contrasting effect.In "Dar SholehāyeĀb", the indifferent voice of Ahanj conflicts with the sacred and serious voice of war. Military and religious discourse dominate the oral communication in "Farewell to Arms", whereas in "Dar SholehāyeĀb", the text is surrounded by the discourse of the fifth column, the Gurdian Corps, and the military. The hidden argumentative discourse in "Farewell to Arms" represents the voice of the military and religion, whereas in"Dar SholehāyeĀb", the voices of doubt and the military serve a similar purpose. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
12 - Modern Immortality in the Teenage Novel (Case Study of Novels:"SanjābMahiy-e aziz"and "Shekārchi-ye Koose-yekar")
Fatemeh Hadideh Mona ValipourThe domination of science in the modern era and the effort to have a realistic attitude to all aspects of life have made people today unable to adopt the solutions of the ancients (such as eschatologicalimmortality) to face death. By examining different types of pre-mod MoreThe domination of science in the modern era and the effort to have a realistic attitude to all aspects of life have made people today unable to adopt the solutions of the ancients (such as eschatologicalimmortality) to face death. By examining different types of pre-modern immortality, including ancestral, cultural, mystical, mythological, and eschatological, the present article has shown that their common components, i.e., communalness, certainty, and imagination, are almost opposite to the components of modern immortality. The components of modern immortality, which include individuality, uncertainty, memory (as opposed to the imagination), and the concept of eternal nature, are prominent in teenage novels of the 1390s. This research first reviewed the stages and tasks of mourning. While checking and determining the components of pre-modern and modern immortality, it has been showed the correspondence of each stage of mourning with different types of immortality. Then, relying on the novels of "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar", the issue of death and the role of pre-modern and modern immortality are investigated in advancing the storyline, accepting another's death, and completing the tasks of mourning by the characters. It should be noted that the analysis of samples is based on qualitative content analysis with a descriptive-interpretive approach. The research results show that in both novels, resorting to pre-modern immortality components traps the characters in the initial stages of mourning, i.e. denial, searching, and bargaining. In contrast, the maturity of the characters with the completion of mourning tasks and reaching the stage of improvement and organization through the components of Modern immortality (centered on memory in the novel "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and eternal nature in the novel "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar" is realized. Manuscript profile